Mel Arnold

North Okanagan-Shuswap, BC - Conservative
Sentiment

Total speeches : 27
Positive speeches : 17
Negative speeches : 7
Neutral speeches : 3
Percentage negative : 25.93 %
Percentage positive : 62.96 %
Percentage neutral : 11.11 %

Most toxic speeches

1. Mel Arnold - 2017-10-04
Toxicity : 0.322004
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the Liberals' incompetence on reform of the public service pay system has now put public safety and public interest in jeopardy. Canadian Coast Guard vessels in Newfoundland and Labrador remain docked, because coast guard personnel have not been paid. Nineteen months after launching the Phoenix pay system, the Liberals have yet to fix the problem they implemented.When will the Liberals stop wasting time and money, fix this fiasco, and stop jeopardizing the safety of our coastal communities?
2. Mel Arnold - 2018-04-24
Toxicity : 0.278194
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister claims that he stands with the people of Grand Bank. Now that is a whale of a tale if I have ever heard one. The minister is the one killing jobs in Grand Bank, taking away their Arctic surf clam quota and giving it to his Liberal buddies. The people of Grand Bank have launched grandbankplan.ca to fight for their jobs, because MPs in Newfoundland and Labrador will not.Will the minister finally put the good people of Grand Bank ahead of his Liberal insiders and support their plan to save Grand Bank jobs?
3. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-08
Toxicity : 0.277166
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister has defended his decision to reward Liberal Party insiders with a quota worth millions of dollars, claiming his patronage was a step in reconciliation. The bidding process was a sham and an insult to reconciliation. It is pitting one first nation against the other and the crown.Why is the minister putting Liberal insiders ahead of the families in Grand Bank and ahead of reconciliation with indigenous people?
4. Mel Arnold - 2018-03-01
Toxicity : 0.254239
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the minister and the Liberal government are completely out of touch with Canadians. By hand-picking winners and losers, the minister is jeopardizing middle-class jobs in Grand Bank and all across Newfoundland and Labrador. The mayor of Grand Bank has called this a devastating blow to his community.How can the minister justify this to the workers and their families, families whose livelihoods are at stake because of his decision?
5. Mel Arnold - 2019-02-08
Toxicity : 0.242629
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the parliamentary secretary still has not answered the question. I want to quote the former attorney general. She stated that “it has always been my view that the attorney-general of Canada must be non-partisan, more transparent in the principles that are the basis of decisions, and, in this respect, always willing to speak truth to power.” Shockingly, now it appears the Prime Minister fired the former attorney general for speaking truth to power.In December, Gerald Butts discussed a special deal for SNC-Lavalin with the former attorney general. A month later, she was fired. What was said in that meeting?
6. Mel Arnold - 2019-06-14
Toxicity : 0.238668
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the Liberal attack on the energy sector has crippled Alberta and is impacting B.C. After 50 years, a houseboat company in Sicamous has announced it is shutting down, affecting 150 employees. The mayor of Sicamous has blamed the downturn in the Alberta economy and the pipeline dispute for having taken a toll on the community. Today, the Liberals are announcing a western economic growth strategy, as if they have not done enough damage already. When will the Liberals end their attack on the west?
7. Mel Arnold - 2016-06-03
Toxicity : 0.236635
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, Canadians are disturbed with the appointment of the government House leader as the Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard. The Ethics Commissioner has banned the House leader from participating in any discussions or decision-making involving the Irving Group. The Irving Group is an important participant in the government's shipbuilding strategy for the Canadian Navy and the Canadian Coast Guard.Could the Prime Minister explain how the new Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard can do this job without breaking the Ethics Commissioner's ban?
8. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-31
Toxicity : 0.234944
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, here are the facts. The Liberals expropriated 25% of a fishing quota from a company and gave it to the brother of a Liberal MP and a former Liberal MP. They claimed it was for reconciliation, but now they are being sued by a first nation.The company they awarded the quota to does not even have a boat, so it will not be able to harvest the expropriated quota. Therefore, there is no reconciliation, no harvesting, no jobs.Will the Prime Minister do the right thing and reverse this unethical expropriation?
9. Mel Arnold - 2019-05-10
Toxicity : 0.224483
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, Liberal fisheries ministers continue to fail Pacific salmon and the Canadians who rely on them. Evidence of this failure is another layer of fishing restrictions that will put hundreds of British Columbians out of work. Instead of working against fishermen and coastal communities, the government should work with them to restore Pacific salmon stocks.B.C. fishers and conservationists know how to put more salmon back in our streams and oceans, so when will the fisheries minister start working with the fishermen instead of just shutting them out of their fisheries?
10. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-31
Toxicity : 0.212157
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, contrary to Liberal claims, our Conservative government initiated a process to include first nations, and I can send that press release to the member if he wishes. It would increase the total allowable catch, allowing new entrants, without stealing it away from another existing holder.The minister has made such a botchery and ethical mess of this deal and put at risk the people and jobs in Grand Bank, Newfoundland.Could the minister confirm that his lucky winner will not even be able to harvest its quota this year?
11. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-04
Toxicity : 0.208728
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the Prime Minister lectured Canadians the other day that they need to make better choices and change their behaviour. Well, that behaviour change should not mean missing a health appointment because they cannot afford the gas to get there, but that is the choice some British Columbians are being forced to make with the Prime Minister's punitive carbon taxes.Does the Prime Minister believe Canadians should be forced to make the choice between driving to a health appointment or paying for groceries?
12. Mel Arnold - 2017-04-13
Toxicity : 0.19749
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the Liberals are adding bigger deficits, and Canadians are being taxed deeper and deeper in debt.The Prime Minister claimed that revenue from his carbon tax would stay in the provinces and territories where it was collected, yet the GST on carbon tax goes to Ottawa.When will the Prime Minister get his story straight, come clean with Canadians, and not tax a tax to pay for his out-of-control spending?
13. Mel Arnold - 2018-04-27
Toxicity : 0.197387
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, lobster fishermen in Atlantic Canada were blindsided by a decision to close off the Acadian peninsula near their homes despite having no evidence that lobster fishers endanger marine wildlife in the area. The local knowledge of Atlantic fishers is being ignored by the fisheries minister. Lobster season is set to open in three days, and we have not heard a thing from Liberal Atlantic MPs. Why will Atlantic Liberal MPs not stand up to the Minister of Fisheries and defend the interests of their region?
14. Mel Arnold - 2019-03-01
Toxicity : 0.159832
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, testimony that the former attorney general gave about the political interference of the Prime Minister in an ongoing criminal trial was nothing short of shocking. She said, “On January 7 I received a call from the [PM] and was informed I was being shuffled.... I will say that I stated I believed [it] was because of the SNC matter.” Her testimony was backed up by credible evidence.Clearly, the Prime Minister has lost his moral authority to govern our great country. He must resign. When will he do so?
15. Mel Arnold - 2017-05-12
Toxicity : 0.148848
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister seems to have forgotten that fisheries and fishermen are a big part of his job. He has not been to Newfoundland or Labrador to meet with those suffering from his quota decisions, he will not release any details on the Atlantic fisheries fund, and he thinks nothing of cancelling meetings with fishermen who have travelled to see him.Given that he so desperately wanted to be the fisheries minister, when will he actually start doing that job?
16. Mel Arnold - 2016-10-28
Toxicity : 0.143817
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, holy mackerel.Fishermen in Atlantic Canada were caught off-guard by the mackerel fishery closure on October 14. This closure was unexpected. Neither DFO nor the government warned Atlantic fishermen or explained the reasons for the closure.Atlantic fishermen and coastal communities deserve an explanation. Why was the Atlantic mackerel fishery closed without consultation or warning, and when will it be reopened?
17. Mel Arnold - 2017-09-29
Toxicity : 0.131656
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, Andrew and his wife risked everything to open a small coffee shop in Vernon. They built a life plan based on Canadian tax laws. Now the Liberal government is threatening to tear up their life plan, changing the law, and killing their initiative to be independent.Why has the Minister of Finance designed a system in which Andrew and his wife will pay significantly higher taxes, while the family business fortunes of the Prime Minister and Minister of Finance will not be touched? How is that fair?
18. Mel Arnold - 2016-06-03
Toxicity : 0.127614
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, Canadians deserve to know how the new Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard can do his job effectively without breaking the Ethics Commissioner's ban on communications with the Irving Group. The fact is that J.D. Irving has a position on the minister's very own advisory committee on Atlantic salmon. In light of the restrictions on the minister, the Liberals owe Canadians a minister of fisheries and oceans who can do the job.When will the Prime Minister respect the commissioner's ban and appoint a minister who can serve Canadians effectively?
19. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-10
Toxicity : 0.120887
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the Minister of Fisheries has made a sham of the surf clam quota allocation process. He unilaterally expropriated 25% of the quota from one holder. The re-awarded quota went to a company owned by a federal Liberal MP's brother, and also benefits a former Liberal MP. Yesterday, we learned that the cousin of the minister's wife will be heading the company that won the bid. With all of these conflicts of interest, is it not time to restart the allocation process?
20. Mel Arnold - 2018-04-23
Toxicity : 0.112275
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister expropriated 25% of the Arctic surf clam quota, and then awarded it to Liberal insiders, insiders with no company, no indigenous partners, no boats and no plan, just Liberal connections. Since their own MP is not standing up for them, the people of Grand Bank have launched a campaign to save their jobs, at grandbankplan.ca. Will the government finally put the people of Grand Bank above Liberal insiders and support their plan to save their community?
21. Mel Arnold - 2018-02-26
Toxicity : 0.104575
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, last week the Liberal government awarded a quota to harvest Arctic surf clams to the company of the brother of a Liberal MP. This decision is worth millions for the company that received the quota. Was the Minister of Fisheries aware that he awarded a benefit worth millions of dollars to the brother of one of his Liberal colleagues?
22. Mel Arnold - 2017-05-05
Toxicity : 0.101916
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, fishermen in Newfoundland and Labrador are concerned about their livelihoods. Recent quota changes have created uncertainty and left many wondering how they will make ends meet. However, the fisheries minister does not seem to care. Twillingate fisherman Richard Gillett had to go on a hunger strike for more than a week to even get a phone call. When will the minister do the right thing and meet with Mr. Gillett?
23. Mel Arnold - 2016-06-17
Toxicity : 0.0723513
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, the Ontario Liberal government, 10 years ago, announced a referendum on electoral reform. A quote from the committee at the time stated: Legitimacy must also apply to the process by which electoral reform is achieved. [...] A key ingredient to that process will be measuring public support through a plebiscite or referendum.... Will the minister agree to hold a referendum on electoral reform to make the process legitimate, yes or no?
24. Mel Arnold - 2018-03-01
Toxicity : 0.0660174
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister has now had three days to reflect on a question I asked in the House earlier this week. I will ask again, and hope to actually get an answer this time.When the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans made a decision on the Arctic surf clam quota, a quota that is worth millions of dollars, was he aware that the beneficiary of his decision was the brother of a Liberal caucus colleague member?
25. Mel Arnold - 2015-12-11
Toxicity : 0.0580655
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, I am honoured to speak today for the first time on behalf of the residents of North Okanagan—Shuswap. The longer the minister waits, the longer the people of Atlantic Canada must wait for these new jobs. The arctic surf clam fishery represents a real opportunity for economic growth in this region. When will the minister follow through on the Conservative plan to support new entrants? Why does he not act on that today today?
26. Mel Arnold - 2016-11-18
Toxicity : 0.0500693
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, 40% of B.C.'s regional economies and hundreds of small businesses across Canada depend upon the forest industry. Last March, the trade ministercommitted to having a structure for a softwood lumber agreement in place in 100 days. Two hundred and fifty-two days later, there is still no deal.Will the minister ever get an agreement respecting our forest industry or will the Prime Minister finally appoint a new minister who will?
27. Mel Arnold - 2018-02-27
Toxicity : 0.0162136
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, last week the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans expropriated 25% of the Arctic surf clam quota and awarded a new licence to a consortium of two companies. The president of both companies in that consortium is the brother of the Liberal member for Sackville—Preston—Chezzetcook. Did the fisheries minister know that his Liberal caucus mate's brother was the president of the consortium of companies?

Most negative speeches

1. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-10
Polarity : -0.233333
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the Minister of Fisheries has made a sham of the surf clam quota allocation process. He unilaterally expropriated 25% of the quota from one holder. The re-awarded quota went to a company owned by a federal Liberal MP's brother, and also benefits a former Liberal MP. Yesterday, we learned that the cousin of the minister's wife will be heading the company that won the bid. With all of these conflicts of interest, is it not time to restart the allocation process?
2. Mel Arnold - 2017-05-12
Polarity : -0.2
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister seems to have forgotten that fisheries and fishermen are a big part of his job. He has not been to Newfoundland or Labrador to meet with those suffering from his quota decisions, he will not release any details on the Atlantic fisheries fund, and he thinks nothing of cancelling meetings with fishermen who have travelled to see him.Given that he so desperately wanted to be the fisheries minister, when will he actually start doing that job?
3. Mel Arnold - 2019-05-10
Polarity : -0.0633333
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, Liberal fisheries ministers continue to fail Pacific salmon and the Canadians who rely on them. Evidence of this failure is another layer of fishing restrictions that will put hundreds of British Columbians out of work. Instead of working against fishermen and coastal communities, the government should work with them to restore Pacific salmon stocks.B.C. fishers and conservationists know how to put more salmon back in our streams and oceans, so when will the fisheries minister start working with the fishermen instead of just shutting them out of their fisheries?
4. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-04
Polarity : -0.0383929
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the Prime Minister lectured Canadians the other day that they need to make better choices and change their behaviour. Well, that behaviour change should not mean missing a health appointment because they cannot afford the gas to get there, but that is the choice some British Columbians are being forced to make with the Prime Minister's punitive carbon taxes.Does the Prime Minister believe Canadians should be forced to make the choice between driving to a health appointment or paying for groceries?
5. Mel Arnold - 2016-11-18
Polarity : -0.0227273
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, 40% of B.C.'s regional economies and hundreds of small businesses across Canada depend upon the forest industry. Last March, the trade ministercommitted to having a structure for a softwood lumber agreement in place in 100 days. Two hundred and fifty-two days later, there is still no deal.Will the minister ever get an agreement respecting our forest industry or will the Prime Minister finally appoint a new minister who will?
6. Mel Arnold - 2018-03-01
Polarity : -0.02
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the minister and the Liberal government are completely out of touch with Canadians. By hand-picking winners and losers, the minister is jeopardizing middle-class jobs in Grand Bank and all across Newfoundland and Labrador. The mayor of Grand Bank has called this a devastating blow to his community.How can the minister justify this to the workers and their families, families whose livelihoods are at stake because of his decision?
7. Mel Arnold - 2019-03-01
Polarity : -0.0166667
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, testimony that the former attorney general gave about the political interference of the Prime Minister in an ongoing criminal trial was nothing short of shocking. She said, “On January 7 I received a call from the [PM] and was informed I was being shuffled.... I will say that I stated I believed [it] was because of the SNC matter.” Her testimony was backed up by credible evidence.Clearly, the Prime Minister has lost his moral authority to govern our great country. He must resign. When will he do so?

Most positive speeches

1. Mel Arnold - 2016-06-03
Polarity : 0.503273
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, Canadians deserve to know how the new Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard can do his job effectively without breaking the Ethics Commissioner's ban on communications with the Irving Group. The fact is that J.D. Irving has a position on the minister's very own advisory committee on Atlantic salmon. In light of the restrictions on the minister, the Liberals owe Canadians a minister of fisheries and oceans who can do the job.When will the Prime Minister respect the commissioner's ban and appoint a minister who can serve Canadians effectively?
2. Mel Arnold - 2018-04-24
Polarity : 0.457143
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister claims that he stands with the people of Grand Bank. Now that is a whale of a tale if I have ever heard one. The minister is the one killing jobs in Grand Bank, taking away their Arctic surf clam quota and giving it to his Liberal buddies. The people of Grand Bank have launched grandbankplan.ca to fight for their jobs, because MPs in Newfoundland and Labrador will not.Will the minister finally put the good people of Grand Bank ahead of his Liberal insiders and support their plan to save Grand Bank jobs?
3. Mel Arnold - 2018-04-23
Polarity : 0.32
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister expropriated 25% of the Arctic surf clam quota, and then awarded it to Liberal insiders, insiders with no company, no indigenous partners, no boats and no plan, just Liberal connections. Since their own MP is not standing up for them, the people of Grand Bank have launched a campaign to save their jobs, at grandbankplan.ca. Will the government finally put the people of Grand Bank above Liberal insiders and support their plan to save their community?
4. Mel Arnold - 2016-06-03
Polarity : 0.268182
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, Canadians are disturbed with the appointment of the government House leader as the Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard. The Ethics Commissioner has banned the House leader from participating in any discussions or decision-making involving the Irving Group. The Irving Group is an important participant in the government's shipbuilding strategy for the Canadian Navy and the Canadian Coast Guard.Could the Prime Minister explain how the new Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard can do this job without breaking the Ethics Commissioner's ban?
5. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-31
Polarity : 0.258929
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, here are the facts. The Liberals expropriated 25% of a fishing quota from a company and gave it to the brother of a Liberal MP and a former Liberal MP. They claimed it was for reconciliation, but now they are being sued by a first nation.The company they awarded the quota to does not even have a boat, so it will not be able to harvest the expropriated quota. Therefore, there is no reconciliation, no harvesting, no jobs.Will the Prime Minister do the right thing and reverse this unethical expropriation?
6. Mel Arnold - 2017-05-05
Polarity : 0.257143
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, fishermen in Newfoundland and Labrador are concerned about their livelihoods. Recent quota changes have created uncertainty and left many wondering how they will make ends meet. However, the fisheries minister does not seem to care. Twillingate fisherman Richard Gillett had to go on a hunger strike for more than a week to even get a phone call. When will the minister do the right thing and meet with Mr. Gillett?
7. Mel Arnold - 2018-02-26
Polarity : 0.2125
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, last week the Liberal government awarded a quota to harvest Arctic surf clams to the company of the brother of a Liberal MP. This decision is worth millions for the company that received the quota. Was the Minister of Fisheries aware that he awarded a benefit worth millions of dollars to the brother of one of his Liberal colleagues?
8. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-31
Polarity : 0.193855
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, contrary to Liberal claims, our Conservative government initiated a process to include first nations, and I can send that press release to the member if he wishes. It would increase the total allowable catch, allowing new entrants, without stealing it away from another existing holder.The minister has made such a botchery and ethical mess of this deal and put at risk the people and jobs in Grand Bank, Newfoundland.Could the minister confirm that his lucky winner will not even be able to harvest its quota this year?
9. Mel Arnold - 2017-04-13
Polarity : 0.188889
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the Liberals are adding bigger deficits, and Canadians are being taxed deeper and deeper in debt.The Prime Minister claimed that revenue from his carbon tax would stay in the provinces and territories where it was collected, yet the GST on carbon tax goes to Ottawa.When will the Prime Minister get his story straight, come clean with Canadians, and not tax a tax to pay for his out-of-control spending?
10. Mel Arnold - 2015-12-11
Polarity : 0.184545
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, I am honoured to speak today for the first time on behalf of the residents of North Okanagan—Shuswap. The longer the minister waits, the longer the people of Atlantic Canada must wait for these new jobs. The arctic surf clam fishery represents a real opportunity for economic growth in this region. When will the minister follow through on the Conservative plan to support new entrants? Why does he not act on that today today?
11. Mel Arnold - 2017-09-29
Polarity : 0.175
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, Andrew and his wife risked everything to open a small coffee shop in Vernon. They built a life plan based on Canadian tax laws. Now the Liberal government is threatening to tear up their life plan, changing the law, and killing their initiative to be independent.Why has the Minister of Finance designed a system in which Andrew and his wife will pay significantly higher taxes, while the family business fortunes of the Prime Minister and Minister of Finance will not be touched? How is that fair?
12. Mel Arnold - 2018-05-08
Polarity : 0.145
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister has defended his decision to reward Liberal Party insiders with a quota worth millions of dollars, claiming his patronage was a step in reconciliation. The bidding process was a sham and an insult to reconciliation. It is pitting one first nation against the other and the crown.Why is the minister putting Liberal insiders ahead of the families in Grand Bank and ahead of reconciliation with indigenous people?
13. Mel Arnold - 2018-03-01
Polarity : 0.1375
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the fisheries minister has now had three days to reflect on a question I asked in the House earlier this week. I will ask again, and hope to actually get an answer this time.When the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans made a decision on the Arctic surf clam quota, a quota that is worth millions of dollars, was he aware that the beneficiary of his decision was the brother of a Liberal caucus colleague member?
14. Mel Arnold - 2018-02-27
Polarity : 0.0681818
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, last week the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans expropriated 25% of the Arctic surf clam quota and awarded a new licence to a consortium of two companies. The president of both companies in that consortium is the brother of the Liberal member for Sackville—Preston—Chezzetcook. Did the fisheries minister know that his Liberal caucus mate's brother was the president of the consortium of companies?
15. Mel Arnold - 2018-04-27
Polarity : 0.0333333
Responsive image
Madam Speaker, lobster fishermen in Atlantic Canada were blindsided by a decision to close off the Acadian peninsula near their homes despite having no evidence that lobster fishers endanger marine wildlife in the area. The local knowledge of Atlantic fishers is being ignored by the fisheries minister. Lobster season is set to open in three days, and we have not heard a thing from Liberal Atlantic MPs. Why will Atlantic Liberal MPs not stand up to the Minister of Fisheries and defend the interests of their region?
16. Mel Arnold - 2019-02-08
Polarity : 0.0233766
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the parliamentary secretary still has not answered the question. I want to quote the former attorney general. She stated that “it has always been my view that the attorney-general of Canada must be non-partisan, more transparent in the principles that are the basis of decisions, and, in this respect, always willing to speak truth to power.” Shockingly, now it appears the Prime Minister fired the former attorney general for speaking truth to power.In December, Gerald Butts discussed a special deal for SNC-Lavalin with the former attorney general. A month later, she was fired. What was said in that meeting?
17. Mel Arnold - 2019-06-14
Polarity : 0.0111111
Responsive image
Mr. Speaker, the Liberal attack on the energy sector has crippled Alberta and is impacting B.C. After 50 years, a houseboat company in Sicamous has announced it is shutting down, affecting 150 employees. The mayor of Sicamous has blamed the downturn in the Alberta economy and the pipeline dispute for having taken a toll on the community. Today, the Liberals are announcing a western economic growth strategy, as if they have not done enough damage already. When will the Liberals end their attack on the west?